New zealand why kiwi

New zealand why kiwi

New zealand why kiwi. Israel-Hamas war: Kiwi woman forced to return home after 20 years in Gaza. Aml has been living in New Zealand since January - it's the longest her family has stayed in one … The wildlife is so different. Strange insects, frogs who carry their young, birds that cannot fly, the kiwi, the national symbol of New Zealand because it is so unique. We explore this world, the flightless birds, its only mammal – a tiny bat, as we explain the extraordinary link between an isolated land and unusual plant and animal life. Scores. Fixtures. Standings. NBL Champions. NBL MVPs. Kiwi big-man Sam Mennenga has signed a two-year deal with the New Zealand Breakers, sources told ESPN.Browse thousands of Pain Relief pharmacy products at Kiwi available either OTC, through the online doctor or prescription-only. #1 Online NZ Pharmacy est. 2006. Access side effects, interactions, information, Pain Relief pricing. ... New Zealand 1494. United Kingdom 2879. United States 1. More. Conditions. Acne 22. Allergies 67. Asthma 55 ...Stuff is a leading news website in New Zealand, covering local and international stories, events, and more. Support Stuff's journalism and stay informed.New Zealand Herald writer Karl Puschmann called it a design for those "sitting on the fence" who didn't want much change and the National Business Review labelled it "amateur" and "dated". Members of the public compared it unfavourably to Weet-Bix packaging, "Kiwi Party Ware" plastic plate packaging, the National Basketball Association logo, or a merger of the Labour and …Kiwifruit (often shortened to kiwi outside New Zealand) or Chinese gooseberry is the edible berry of several species of woody vines in the genus Actinidia. [1] [2] The most common cultivar group of kiwifruit ( Actinidia deliciosa 'Hayward') [3] is oval, about the size of a large hen's egg : 5–8 centimetres (2–3 inches) in length and 4.5–5 ...Browse thousands of pharmacy products at Kiwi available either OTC, through the online doctor or prescription-only. #1 Online NZ Pharmacy est. 2006. Access side effects, interactions, information, pricing. ... New Zealand 1494. United Kingdom 2879. United States 1. More. Conditions. Acne 22. Allergies 67. Asthma 55. Athlete's Foot 2. Chlamydia ...New Zealand is a country known for its stunning landscapes, diverse wildlife, and friendly locals. However, before planning a trip to this beautiful destination, it’s essential to ...Nov 30, 2021 · The New Zealand dollar ( NZD) is the official currency of New Zealand. NZD is made up of 100 cents and is often represented by the symbol $ or NZ$ to set it apart from other currencies based on ... By the end of the 32nd over Australia were 3/107 in reply to New Zealand’s 162 with Marnus Labuschagne 29 from 67 balls and Head 21 from just 16, deliveries. 3.51pm on …Jan 16, 2024 · How you can help keep kiwi in New Zealand safe Kiwi Zone sign on path to base of Rainbow Falls, Kerikeri, New Zealand. Sadly, it is humans and our dogs that pose the largest threat to kiwi in NZ. DOC offers a few tips on how we can keep our kiwi safe. Plus, we found more great tips in this Seven Sharp (TV1) interview. The name 'kiwi' comes from the curious little flightless bird that is unique to New Zealand. Māori people have always held the kiwi bird in high regard. Their feathers were used to make 'kahu kiwi', valuable cloaks worn by tribal chiefs. In the early 1900s, cartoonists started to use images of the kiwi bird to represent New Zealand as a country. Kiwi birds also have the widest gape, or mouth opening of any New Zealand forest birds. This enables it to swallow, digest and disperse fruits and seeds Baby Kiwi birds will also eat s mall pebbles, and tw igs, which are stored in the gizzard, to help digest food when Kiwi birds get older. The kiwi is a nocturnal bird.Kiwi big-man Sam Mennenga has signed a two-year deal with the New Zealand Breakers, sources told ESPN. Following the 2023-24 NBL season, there was mutual interest …With a patchwork history of Māori, European, Pacific Island and Asian influences, New Zealand's population of five million people is a melting-pot of cultures. Today, the population of New Zealand is made up of people from a range of backgrounds; 70% are of European descent, 16.5% are indigenous Māori, 15.1% Asian and 8.1% non-Māori Pacific ...New Zealand citizens must meet the general residence requirement of being lawfully present in Australia for four years, including 12 months as a permanent resident, immediately before the date of citizenship application. You do not need to first apply for and be granted a permanent visa to meet the 12 months as a permanent resident requirement.Browse thousands of Pain Relief pharmacy products at Kiwi available either OTC, through the online doctor or prescription-only. #1 Online NZ Pharmacy est. 2006. Access side effects, interactions, information, Pain Relief pricing. ... New Zealand 1494. United Kingdom 2879. United States 1. More. Conditions. Acne 22. Allergies 67. Asthma 55 ...New Zealand is known for its breathtaking landscapes, friendly people, and high quality of life. It comes as no surprise that many foreigners are seeking job opportunities in this ...Flag of New Zealand before election. A British Blue Ensign, defaced with four stars of the Crux Australis in red, outlined in white. Elected Flag of New Zealand. No change. Two referendums were held by the New Zealand Government in November/December 2015 and March 2016 to determine the nation's flag. The voting resulted in the retention of the ...15. Lemon & Paeroa (L&P) Soda. Rounding out this list of New Zealand foods is Lemon & Paeroa (L&P) Soda, an iconic soft drink that’s been enjoyed in New Zealand since 1907. L&P is originally from the North Island town of Paeroa where it was made by combining lemon juice with carbonated mineral water.2 days ago · It is the sole home, for example, of the long-beaked, flightless kiwi, the ubiquitous nickname for New Zealanders. New Zealand was the largest country in Polynesia when it was annexed by Great Britain in 1840. Thereafter it was successively a crown colony, a self-governing colony (1856), and a dominion (1907). New Zealanders, also known as Kiwis, are a friendly, outgoing and welcoming people. Out of the 4.4 million people living in New Zealand today, the Maori, New Zealand’s native people, make up around 14.6% of the population. The other 85.4% is a …By Pikitia Postcards. 4. Only about 5% of kiwi chicks hatched in the wild survive. Roughly 90% of kiwi chicks born in the wild die within six months, with around 70% killed by predators such as stoats and cats. Losing this many kiwi chicks means unmanaged populations are declining by around 3% every year.birthday ideas for teenshow often should air filters be changed Facts about kiwi fruit: Its name changed from Chinese gooseberry to Kiwi fruit in 1959. It is named after the kiwi bird – a flightless bird native to New Zealand. It grows on a tree. They can have orange, yellow, green, or white flesh. The skin of kiwi fruit can be very smooth or have a very fine fuzz. Apr 29, 2023 ... The Department of Conservation estimates there are only around 70,000 wild kiwi left in New Zealand. Despite the bird being a beloved national ... Kiwi are being driven to extinction by three main threats: predators, lost habitat, and fragmented kiwi populations. Kiwi have few defences against introduced predators like stoats and ferrets, and their native forest habitat has been dramatically reduced to make way for human habitation and farmland. Add the effects of early hunting and ... Situated slightly inland (approximately 20-minutes from Tauranga), the area is surrounded by some spectacular walks and swimming spots, including the stunning Raparapahoe River and waterfall.. Te Puke is surrounded by fertile land and friendly people; you’ll leave with a perfect snapshot of rural New Zealand life.With a patchwork history of Māori, European, Pacific Island and Asian influences, New Zealand's population of five million people is a melting-pot of cultures. Today, the population of New Zealand is made up of people from a range of backgrounds; 70% are of European descent, 16.5% are indigenous Māori, 15.1% Asian and 8.1% non-Māori Pacific ...Prince William has paid tribute to the “unity” and “courage and fortitude” Kiwis showed in the aftermath of the Christchurch mosque shootings. Canterbury’s Muslim …New Zealand is a country that boasts of stunning landscapes, diverse wildlife, and rich cultural heritage. But what sets it apart from other travel destinations is its incredible f...A kiwi is not necessarily a Maori. A Maori is a descendant of an indigenous ethnic group native to New Zealand, but they may not necessarily be a kiwi themselves (if, for example, they were not born and do not live in New Zealand). The term ‘kiwi’ is inclusive of all those who consider themselves New Zealanders, including Maoris and settlers. transfer video from iphone to pchonda cr v vs hr v Why New Zealand is one of the world's most family-friendly destinations. Login Save . Roxanne de Bruyn. Oct 19, ... Taupō is a favorite with Kiwi families thanks to its holiday parks, some with waterslides and heated pools with swim-up bars. The town excels at outdoor adventures, including fishing and sailing, too.Australia has battled back to beat New Zealand by three wickets in a thrilling conclusion to the second Test at Christchurch's Hagley Oval. Alex Carey (98 not out) and …It is the sole home, for example, of the long-beaked, flightless kiwi, the ubiquitous nickname for New Zealanders. New Zealand was the largest country in Polynesia when it was annexed by Great Britain in 1840. Thereafter it was successively a crown colony, a self-governing colony (1856), and a dominion (1907). air duct hvac cleaning Hmmm. Looks like your browser is a tad old and isn't supported. To get the best experience on Kiwibank.co.nz, please use a supported browser.Aug 29, 2016 · Indeed, Weir showed that in the last 800,000 years, when New Zealand’s glaciers went through their most severe cycles of expansion and contraction, the kiwis started diversifying five times ... french drains around housemountain valley water deliverybuzzhumble Mar 20, 2023 ... The Southampton Star is the first of 53 charter vessels Zespri will use this season to deliver around 145 million trays of green, SunGold and ...Mar 13, 2018 · In New Zealand, however, the national bird and animal is one and the same: the humble kiwi. The kiwi is flightless bird that’s quite different to other species. It is nocturnal, its feathers are quite furry, and it is the only bird with nostrils right at the tip of its beak. Kiwi birds may not be the best equipped for fighting predation, but ... genshin mods The Kiwi: National Bird of New Zealand. New Zealand is a small country off the southeast coast of Australia. It is sometimes referred to as the “Seabird Capital of the World” due to the diversity of seabirds that inhabit the coastlines of New Zealand. Seabirds in New Zealand include penguins, sooty, terns, albatross, gannets and petrels. dreamsicle Feb 23, 2024 ... New Zealand on Friday opened its first hospital exclusively treating kiwi birds, and vets have already nursed the first patient back to ...Feb 18, 2023 ... See A Kiwi At A Wildlife Sanctuary. The easiest way to see them is at one of the sanctuaries. There are plenty of sanctuaries around the country ...Current Local Time in Locations in New Zealand with Links for More Information (35 Locations) Auckland *. Thu 5:16 pm. Kaikohe *. Thu 5:16 pm. Rotorua *. Thu 5:16 pm.Laser Kiwi flag. A black flag charged with a New Zealand fern and a kiwi shooting a green laser beam from its eye. The Laser Kiwi flag, originally titled Fire the Lazer, was designed in 2015 by Lucy Gray as a proposed flag of New Zealand for the 2015–2016 New Zealand flag referendums. It has since become a social media phenomenon that has ... the escape room indianapolisspiritdaily Top 10 funny New Zealand language blunders – Expats beware of Kiwi slang! Recently a mate suggested that I am not just an American expat, I am Kiwi now. Living in New Zealand has changed me. I drink piss and eat tea. I wear togs and jandals in the summer, woollies and jumpers in the winter. Now I ring with the phone and call in person.May 24, 2023 ... The bird was named in honour of New Zealand environmentalist and iwi leader Paora Haitana, who was part of a delegation that visited Zoo Miami ...When it comes to travelling to New Zealand, one of the most important things to consider is the cost of a visitor visa. A visitor visa is required for anyone who wants to stay in t... aceify.ai Have you ever found yourself browsing through online shoe stores, only to be stumped by the different sizing options? If you’re from New Zealand or planning to buy shoes from a New...People hit the roof on Boeing plane, passenger says as New Zealand probes sudden drop during flight. "All of a sudden, the plane took a nosedive down,” passenger Brian …Mar 13, 2018 · In New Zealand, however, the national bird and animal is one and the same: the humble kiwi. The kiwi is flightless bird that’s quite different to other species. It is nocturnal, its feathers are quite furry, and it is the only bird with nostrils right at the tip of its beak. Kiwi birds may not be the best equipped for fighting predation, but ... tattoo shops tucson azat t coverage map Jul 17, 2018 ... Kiwi have long been honored by the Māori, native New Zealanders, and its eventual European settlers. There are five species of Kiwi and each ...The Kiwi: National Bird of New Zealand. New Zealand is a small country off the southeast coast of Australia. It is sometimes referred to as the “Seabird Capital of the World” due to the diversity of seabirds that inhabit the coastlines of New Zealand. Seabirds in New Zealand include penguins, sooty, terns, albatross, gannets and petrels. kiwi, any of five species of flightless birds belonging to the genus Apteryx and found in New Zealand. The name is a Maori word referring to the shrill call of the male. Kiwis are grayish brown birds the size of a chicken. They are related to the extinct moas. Kiwis are unusual in many respects: the vestigial wings are hidden within the plumage ... Distribution of kiwi populations, 2015. Before people arrived, New Zealand was a land of trees and kiwi numbered in the millions. Now they remain only in isolated patches. In 2015 there were around 300 Haast tokoeka (a variety of the southern tokoeka) and about 250 rowi living at Ōkārito.From three to five species. This genetic research confirmed the great spotted and little spotted kiwi as separate species. But it also split brown kiwi up into three distinct species: brown kiwi, rowi, and tokoeka. Thanks to DNA, today five kiwi species are formally recognised. And, with further genetic research under way, even more species and ...A short history of New Zealand coffee culture. No one seems to know exactly where coffee originated in Africa, but many believe it was Ethiopia, which is still a major player on the coffee producing circuit (around 384,000 metric tons or 846,575,000 pounds produced annually). Coffee has exploded on a global scale since its introduction to ...Scientists have offered more insights into how our kiwi became flightless. Photo / File. Why can't kiwi fly? The answer might seem as simple as our national icon's tiny, almost non-existent wings ...The kiwi bird is New Zealand’s beloved national icon. As New Zealander’s, we refer to ourselves as “Kiwis”, and are very fond of our fluffy flightless namesakes. So what makes these birds so … jiu jitsu gyms About the size of a chicken, the kiwi is a small, flightless, and nearly wingless bird found only in New Zealand. Like its larger cousins the cassowary, emu, ostrich, and rhea, the kiwi is classified as a ratite. Most birds have a special ridge on their sternum, called a keel, where flight muscles attach, but ratites don't need keels because ...One New Zealand · 21m · Follow. Wondering why @ardiesavea is a good Kiwi? Hint, it's not just because he's our One Good Kiwi ambassador (flying cash) Find A One Good Kiwi story: Ardie Savea at your local One NZ stores today! Limited run, get in …Kiwi Chicks: New Zealand Girl History/Ngā Kōhine Kiwi: He Hitori Taitamāhine o Aotearoa is a collections-driven exhibition project that explores girlhood in New Zealand during the 18th-20th centuries co-produced by Girl Museum and National Services Te Paerangi.In order to preserve NZ girl culture, this project aims to identify ‘girlhood’ objects in New Zealand …Feb 20, 2017 · Anything sheep-related. Yes, there are lots of sheep, but not as many as you think. In fact, that whole “New Zealand has more sheep than people” stereotype is slowly becoming a thing of the past. Let’s not even go into those “sheep-shagging” jokes – Kiwis might join in for a bit of banter, but they’ve probably heard every single ... how to tell if you have a gas leak There are a few reasons. First, the kiwi bird is a beloved symbol of New Zealand, and being called a “Kiwi” is a way of celebrating that connection. Second, the nickname has a sense of warmth and familiarity to it, and it’s often used by friends and family members as a term of endearment. Finally, the nickname has a sense of identity …Jan 16, 2024 · How you can help keep kiwi in New Zealand safe Kiwi Zone sign on path to base of Rainbow Falls, Kerikeri, New Zealand. Sadly, it is humans and our dogs that pose the largest threat to kiwi in NZ. DOC offers a few tips on how we can keep our kiwi safe. Plus, we found more great tips in this Seven Sharp (TV1) interview. Sep 14, 2019 ... Kiwi is basically the nickname that has been internationally utilized for the people from all over New Zealand along with the being known as the ... sealy posturepedic spring bloom 12 medium mattress The kiwi, the small hairy fruit beloved for its sweet tropical taste and nutrition, has become a thorny issue for a New Zealand fruit giant in China, its largest export market. Zespri Group owns ...Feb 23, 2024 ... New Zealand on Friday opened its first hospital exclusively treating kiwi birds, and vets have already nursed the first patient back to ...New Zealand’s department of conservation stepped in on Tuesday, saying a statement “We would like to thank everyone who has raised concerns about Paora, the kiwi at Miami zoo”, and that the ...Facts. North island brown kiwi. Facts and threats to kiwi. Learn about our unique kiwi and what threatens their survival. National status: Endemic. Conservation status: Varies between species from Recovering to Nationally …The kiwi are native only to the country of New Zealand. There are five different species of kiwi. Kiwi are nocturnal, which means that they are generally active at night, and asleep during the day. The kiwi is an endangered species. Kiwis, an icon of New Zealand, are flightless birds endemic to the country. About the size of a domestic chicken ...This is a small island and mangrove swamp linked to the mainland by a causeway. Also on the island is accommodation, venue center, private beaches, and other activities. Kiwis will be found roaming the native bush on the island. It is located just 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) north of Kerikeri in the Bay of Islands. 02 of 07. deep seating sofabest state flag A guide for Kiwis moving back to New Zealand. From the current COVID-19 travel restrictions to purchasing property once you're back, this guide will help you through every step of moving back to New Zealand. Xe Consumer APAC. June 2, 2021 — 9 min read. Written by Marcus Phillips of mortgages.co.nz.The Kiwi: National Bird of New Zealand. New Zealand is a small country off the southeast coast of Australia. It is sometimes referred to as the “Seabird Capital of the World” due to the diversity of seabirds that inhabit the coastlines of New Zealand. Seabirds in New Zealand include penguins, sooty, terns, albatross, gannets and petrels.Are you tired of your sluggish PC browser? Do you want to enhance your browsing experience with faster speeds and better functionality? Look no further than Kiwi Browser for PC. Th...As additional background, the kiwi is a bird found only in New Zealand. It has no tail and tiny 2 inch wings on its chicken-sized body. It doesn’t fly. When Yael and I had separately visited New Zealand years ago to experience the country, our travels included an opportunity to see the kiwi. We really appreciate the fun adventurous spirit ... The kiwi is featured in the logo of the New Zealand Rugby League, and the New Zealand national rugby league team are nicknamed the Kiwis. A kiwi has featured on the reverse side of three New Zealand coins: the one florin (two-shilling) coin from 1933 to 1966, the twenty-cent coin from 1967 to 1990, and the one-dollar coin since 1991. The tool is used on all kiwi species except little spotted kiwi. Operation Nest Egg. Captive management. Often the only time the public get to see a kiwi is in a nocturnal house at a captive facility. There are 15 captive facilities participating in the New Zealand captive management programme; holding around 100 brown kiwi.Browse thousands of Pain Relief pharmacy products at Kiwi available either OTC, through the online doctor or prescription-only. #1 Online NZ Pharmacy est. 2006. Access side effects, interactions, information, Pain Relief pricing. ... New Zealand 1494. United Kingdom 2879. United States 1. More. Conditions. Acne 22. Allergies 67. Asthma 55 ...Ask Your Doctor for Ozempic in NZ. Technically speaking, you can’t buy Ozempic specifically for weight loss purposes in New Zealand. You can only get a prescription from your doctor for use in treating type 2 diabetes. However, plenty of evidence shows it also works well as a weight loss medication. Kiwi Drug is the place to go for your ...New Zealanders (Māori: Tāngata Aotearoa), colloquially known as Kiwis (/ k iː w iː /), are people associated with New Zealand, sharing a common history, culture, and language (New Zealand English).People of various ethnicities and national origins are citizens of New Zealand, governed by its nationality law.. Originally composed solely of the indigenous Māori, the ethnic makeup …Two Kiwis are accused of attacking a local police officer after being pulled over in Thailand, taking his gun and causing a shot to go off. Photo / Thapapong Trs Two New …Walking to New Zealand. Islands rise up and submerge as tectonic plates move. A string of islands have come and gone between New Caledonia and Northland during the past 50 million years. It is possible that the kiwi and other species moved from one island to the next as they rose and fell, using them like stepping-stones to reach New Zealand.PHUKET: Two New Zealand men were arrested after injuring a local traffic policeman and trying to snatch his pistol on Saturday evening, police said. At 3.50pm on … 7 seater electric suv Jan 25, 2021 · Auckland, New Zealand. New Zealand is interested in qualified professionals, businessmen and investors. Moreover, if you compare it with other countries, New Zealand wins in terms of cost of living, environmental friendliness, level of security and hospitality. New Zealand has a Kiwi Lifestyle. Everything that surrounds people is done for them. Quote - Chart - Historical Data - News. The New Zealand dollar appreciated toward $0.618, hitting its highest levels in nearly two weeks amid growing expectations that the US Federal Reserve will start cutting interest rates earlier than other major central banks. In his testimony before the US Senate, Fed Chair Powell indicated that the ...A range of quirky objects help define what it is to be a New Zealander, or 'Kiwi'. These wonderful things are known simply as 'Kiwiana'. Gumboots, ‘Buzzy Bee’ toys, marching girls, a meringue dessert, shell ashtrays, and a cookbook may not seem terribly important objects. But to many Kiwis (New Zealanders), such things assume vital ... swimming pool cleaning services New Zealand has a Kiwi Lifestyle. Everything that surrounds people is done for them. Convenient, clean, comfortable, modern. Yes, life here is unhurried. Yes, and where to …8 REASONS WHY YOU SHOULD TAKE A GAP YEAR TO NEW ZEALAND. New Zealand is home to the adventure capital of the world, Queenstown. This picturesque South Island town is home to the AJ Hackett Bungy, the first commercial. jump in the world, NZone Skydive, the world’s first tandem skydive, the Shotover Jet, named ‘The World’s …Jul 31, 2023 ... A dry kiwi is a person who was born in New Zealand, a kiwi bird is a bird that is also used as a national symbol and, of course, there is the ...Kiwis are flocking to Australia for the higher wages on offer, leading to concern of a New Zealand 'brain drain'. New Zealand broadcaster and journalist Duncan Garner told his podcast audience on ... family friendly hotels in orlandoreflective running jacket The brown kiwi is one of our most common kiwi species; however, the population is steadily declining. Without ongoing support, experts estimate brown kiwi will be extinct in the wild within two generations. For many New Zealanders, brown kiwi ( Apteryx mantelli ) is the species we think of when kiwi are talked about. There are over 20 kiwi bird sanctuaries located throughout New Zealand- here are some of the best places to see kiwis in New Zealand. 1. Kiwi Birdlife Conservation Park, Queenstown. Kiwi Birdlife Conversation Park is a popular place to catch a glimpse of kiwi in Queenstown. Feb 23, 2024 ... New Zealand on Friday opened its first hospital exclusively treating kiwi birds, and vets have already nursed the first patient back to ... how much are pods for moving The kiwi are native only to the country of New Zealand. There are five different species of kiwi. Kiwi are nocturnal, which means that they are generally active at night, and asleep during the day. The kiwi is an endangered species. Kiwis, an icon of New Zealand, are flightless birds endemic to the country. About the size of a domestic chicken ... They’re pretty small, about the size of the chicken, and are rarely seen due to the fact that: a) they are an endangered species, b) they live in the bush, and c) they are nocturnal, so they only come out night. Not many people realise this, but the name, “Kiwi” is actually a Māori word. Sep 14, 2019 ... Kiwi is basically the nickname that has been internationally utilized for the people from all over New Zealand along with the being known as the ...Dozens of people have been injured by what officials described as a “strong movement” on a Chilean flight from Australia to New Zealand. In a statement on Monday, …New Zealand is a country known for its stunning landscapes, diverse wildlife, and friendly locals. However, before planning a trip to this beautiful destination, it’s essential to ...Walking to New Zealand. Islands rise up and submerge as tectonic plates move. A string of islands have come and gone between New Caledonia and Northland during the past 50 million years. It is possible that the kiwi and other species moved from one island to the next as they rose and fell, using them like stepping-stones to reach New Zealand.In today’s fast-paced world, online shopping has become increasingly popular. With just a few clicks, you can now buy almost anything you need without leaving the comfort of your o...Kiwi have one of the largest eggs of any bird in the world, with an egg-to-weight ratio averaging 15% of the female bird’s body weight – by comparison, the percentage is 2% for an ostrich. While the females lay one egg (most birds lay more), she has two ovaries (most birds have one). Also unusually, the male incubates the huge egg, minding ...Q: Why does New Zealand have some of the fastest race horses in the world? A: A: Because the horses have seen what they do with their sheep. Q: What do two kiwi's say after breaking up? A: Lets just be cousins. Q: Why do … Facts about kiwi fruit: Its name changed from Chinese gooseberry to Kiwi fruit in 1959. It is named after the kiwi bird – a flightless bird native to New Zealand. It grows on a tree. They can have orange, yellow, green, or white flesh. The skin of kiwi fruit can be very smooth or have a very fine fuzz. New Zealand is a country that boasts of stunning landscapes, diverse wildlife, and rich cultural heritage. But what sets it apart from other travel destinations is its incredible f... wine stain So here’s a guide to help you get down with the kiwi lingo, featuring 22 words you need to know; bookmark it, screen grab it, take notes – because chances are you’ll hear these New Zealand slang words a lot as you adventure through the country. And we can promise you, you’ll need to refer to the meanings of these kiwi phrases to make ...Kiwi is not a citrus fruit; instead, it is a berry. Kiwi has more vitamin C than an orange, which is a popular citrus fruit. The kiwi fruit is cultivated easily where citrus fruits... dunkin donuts birthday reward Nov 21, 2023 ... kiwi calling is on a moonless night, up to two hours after dark, and just before dawn. That's when kiwi stir from their burrows and call to make ...Today, being called a Kiwi is a point of pride for most New Zealanders. The kiwi also plays an important role in the environment. As a flagship species, the health of the kiwi is an indicator of the overall health of its habitat. Kiwis are omnivores, which means they can provide valuable insights about the abundance or scarcity of food in New ...Rowi are the rarest of the five species of kiwi. Through predation and habitat loss, these remarkable birds have been reduced to just one natural population. New Zealand status: Endemic. Conservation status: Nationally Endangered. Population: About 450 (in 2015)Native to New Zealand, kiwi birds are fascinating and unique creatures. These birds cannot fly and don’t have a tail, but they have long, loose feathers and powerful legs. Hundreds of years ago, these birds thrived abundantly in their home country. Now, their populations have become dispersed and fragmented, as well as vulnerable. welcome hone New Zealand citizens must meet the general residence requirement of being lawfully present in Australia for four years, including 12 months as a permanent resident, immediately before the date of citizenship application. You do not need to first apply for and be granted a permanent visa to meet the 12 months as a permanent resident requirement. Scientists have offered more insights into how our kiwi became flightless. Photo / File. Why can't kiwi fly? The answer might seem as simple as our national icon's tiny, almost non-existent wings ...The kiwi is one of New Zealand's many flightless birds. They didn't need to fly because there weren't any land mammal predators before man arrived to New Zealand 1000 years ago. LEARN MORE. Feathers like hair. Because kiwi do not fly, their feathers have evolved into a unique texture to suit a ground-based lifestyle.A KIWI EXPERIENCE bus adventure is the best way to experience New Zealand. Our local driver guides know New Zealand and its culture better than anyone else. Kiwi Experience has hosted over 500,000 passengers in our 30 years, offering a hassle-free way to explore New Zealand. You tailor your experience to your appetite for adventure and budget.A KIWI EXPERIENCE bus adventure is the best way to experience New Zealand. Our local driver guides know New Zealand and its culture better than anyone else. Kiwi Experience has hosted over 500,000 passengers in our 30 years, offering a hassle-free way to explore New Zealand. You tailor your experience to your appetite for adventure and budget.15. Lemon & Paeroa (L&P) Soda. Rounding out this list of New Zealand foods is Lemon & Paeroa (L&P) Soda, an iconic soft drink that’s been enjoyed in New Zealand since 1907. L&P is originally from the North Island town of Paeroa where it was made by combining lemon juice with carbonated mineral water.They tend to to be fat, dress terribly (went out in the weekend and the range varied from what would be a “cheap slut walking the street”’s attire in a place like london or Paris and a Sunday mass attire at the farm in the 1950s. Also, nz people have terrible teeth. Many have braces in their mud 20, while in many western countries braces ...One of the biggest differences between England and New Zealand is the people. The people of New Zealand are called kiwis. Some tourists are confused by this, as there are two other distinct entities in New Zealand that also bear the name kiwi: 1) The endangered, native bird that is a symbol of New Zealand, the equivalent of Australia’s kangaroo.Nov 21, 2023 ... kiwi calling is on a moonless night, up to two hours after dark, and just before dawn. That's when kiwi stir from their burrows and call to make ...One main reason why New Zealand English sounds different from American but also British and even Australian English lies in the different vowel sounds. Vowels are the sounds that you can sing, that is: a, e, i, o, and u. ... Watch New Zealand films with Kiwi actors, for example: Hunt for the Wilderpeople ...New Zealand cafes favor minimal waste The cafe culture in New Zealand is not one that looks kindly on take away cups. Sure, you can get a takeaway coffee pretty much anywhere but most Kiwis tend to prefer to enjoy …Mar 20, 2023 ... The Southampton Star is the first of 53 charter vessels Zespri will use this season to deliver around 145 million trays of green, SunGold and ...03 The fifth kiwi species, the little spotted kiwi, has the less urgent near-threatened conservation status. 04 Kiwis lay the biggest eggs among birds, each egg weighing around 20% of the female’s weight. 05 …Flag of New Zealand before election. A British Blue Ensign, defaced with four stars of the Crux Australis in red, outlined in white. Elected Flag of New Zealand. No change. Two referendums were held by the New Zealand Government in November/December 2015 and March 2016 to determine the nation's flag. The voting resulted in the retention of the ...Dozens of people have been injured by what officials described as a “strong movement” on a Chilean flight from Australia to New Zealand. In a statement on Monday, …Lesson 1: Some popular New Zealand slang words to start: Kiwi – Can refer to either a New Zealander, or the country’s national bird. For the fruit, we say kiwifruit. Jandals – Flip flops. e.g. Havaianas. Dairy – A convenience store, corner store, or mini supermarket. Chilly bin – A cooler bin, used for keeping drinks cold. is hellen keller realmario kart gp dx arcade One’s got a smooth pair down under and the other has some hairy kiwis. Two Kiwis – Trevor and Jeanette, are walking down a street in Bondi in Sydney. Trevor happens to look in one of the shop windows and sees a sign that catches his eye. The sign said, “Suits $10.00 each, Shirts $4.00 each, Trousers $5.00 per pair.”.03 The fifth kiwi species, the little spotted kiwi, has the less urgent near-threatened conservation status. 04 Kiwis lay the biggest eggs among birds, each egg weighing around 20% of the female’s weight. 05 … mackinac island fudge ice cream By Pikitia Postcards. 4. Only about 5% of kiwi chicks hatched in the wild survive. Roughly 90% of kiwi chicks born in the wild die within six months, with around 70% killed by predators such as stoats and cats. Losing this many kiwi chicks means unmanaged populations are declining by around 3% every year. One of New Zealand’s cultural icons is the number eight wire: a symbol of what locals know as Kiwi ingenuity. New Zealanders are quite creative and entrepreneurial, bringing a number influential pioneers to the world throughout its short history. On top of that, ...Kiwi Language Terms. In order to relate to the locals you will have to be able to communicate, so here’s a few Kiwi terms to get you started... Eh/Aye – compulsory addition to the end of a rhetorical question... " Last night was bloody good, eh". "ie" – often found at the end of shortened words, e.g. pressie (present), hottie (hot person ...The New Zealand Army (Māori: Ngāti Tūmatauenga, "Tribe of the God of War") is the principal land warfare force of New Zealand, a component of the New Zealand Defence Force alongside the Royal New Zealand Navy and the Royal New Zealand Air Force.. Formed in 1845, as the New Zealand Military Forces, the Army traces its history from …Things to do. Nature & Wildlife. Five surprising kiwi facts. The Kiwi is New Zealand’s national bird. You could be lucky enough to see one in the wild or in a sanctuary. Although iconic, the …New Zealand (Māori: Aotearoa [aɔˈtɛaɾɔa]) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui) and the South Island (Te Waipounamu)—and over 700 smaller islands.It is the sixth-largest island country by area and lies east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and south of the islands of New Caledonia, Fiji, …New Zealanders (Māori: Tāngata Aotearoa), colloquially known as Kiwis (/ k iː w iː /), are people associated with New Zealand, sharing a common history, culture, and language (New Zealand English).People of various ethnicities and national origins are citizens of New Zealand, governed by its nationality law.. Originally composed solely of the indigenous Māori, the ethnic makeup …Prince William has paid tribute to the “unity” and “courage and fortitude” Kiwis showed in the aftermath of the Christchurch mosque shootings. Canterbury’s Muslim …kiwi, any of five species of flightless birds belonging to the genus Apteryx and found in New Zealand. The name is a Maori word referring to the shrill call of the male. Kiwis are grayish …Kiwi are found only in New Zealand. With tiny stubs for wings, these funny-looking birds can’t fly, and have other mammal-like features: feathers more like shaggy hair. cat-like whiskers. short, strong legs. Like hedgehogs, they come out at night, sniffing out worms, insects and fruit. They will fight fiercely to defend their ground.Feb 9, 2017 · There are around 68,000 kiwi total in New Zealand. Other facts. Kiwis have a body temperature of 100 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius), the lowest of any bird, according to the San Diego Zoo. The brown kiwi is one of our most common kiwi species; however, the population is steadily declining. Without ongoing support, experts estimate brown kiwi will be extinct in the wild within two generations. For many New Zealanders, brown kiwi ( Apteryx mantelli ) is the species we think of when kiwi are talked about.Nov 30, 2023 ... Two kiwi chicks have hatched in the wild near New Zealand's Wellington, a first in over a century. This milestone comes a year after the ... canned sardinesengagement ring builder New Zealand (Māori: Aotearoa [aɔˈtɛaɾɔa]) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui) and the South Island (Te Waipounamu)—and over 700 smaller islands.It is the sixth-largest island country by area and lies east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and south of the islands of New Caledonia, Fiji, …A range of quirky objects help define what it is to be a New Zealander, or 'Kiwi'. These wonderful things are known simply as 'Kiwiana'. Gumboots, ‘Buzzy Bee’ toys, marching girls, a meringue dessert, shell ashtrays, and a cookbook may not seem terribly important objects. But to many Kiwis (New Zealanders), such things assume vital ...With fluctuating petrol prices being a topic of concern for many New Zealanders, it’s important to understand the factors that contribute to these changes. From global oil demand t...A range of quirky objects help define what it is to be a New Zealander, or 'Kiwi'. These wonderful things are known simply as 'Kiwiana'. Gumboots, ‘Buzzy Bee’ toys, marching girls, a meringue dessert, shell ashtrays, and a cookbook may not seem terribly important objects. But to many Kiwis (New Zealanders), such things assume vital ...Kiwifruit (often shortened to kiwi outside New Zealand) or Chinese gooseberry is the edible berry of several species of woody vines in the genus Actinidia. [1] [2] The most common cultivar group of kiwifruit ( Actinidia deliciosa 'Hayward') [3] is oval, about the size of a large hen's egg : 5–8 centimetres (2–3 inches) in length and 4.5–5 ...The flightless kiwi is so unbirdlike that many biologists call it an “honorary mammal.” Flightless and nocturnal, the kiwi’s feathers evolved into softened, fur-like filaments and its nostrils migrated to the tip of its long beak, which it uses to snuffle in the dirt of its forested New Zealand habitat for the archipelago’s famously giant earthworms. most forgiving wedges Situated slightly inland (approximately 20-minutes from Tauranga), the area is surrounded by some spectacular walks and swimming spots, including the stunning Raparapahoe River and waterfall.. Te Puke is surrounded by fertile land and friendly people; you’ll leave with a perfect snapshot of rural New Zealand life.Life savers: A test helping Kiwis use their genetic data to avoid drug reactions is in the works 17 Mar 04:30 PM Part III: NZ is seeing an upswing in the use of genetic information to care for ...A kiwi is not necessarily a Maori. A Maori is a descendant of an indigenous ethnic group native to New Zealand, but they may not necessarily be a kiwi themselves (if, for example, they were not born and do not live in New Zealand). The term ‘kiwi’ is inclusive of all those who consider themselves New Zealanders, including Maoris and settlers. how to heal from heartbreaknew years stuff to do Top 10 funny New Zealand language blunders – Expats beware of Kiwi slang! Recently a mate suggested that I am not just an American expat, I am Kiwi now. Living in New Zealand has changed me. I drink piss and eat tea. I wear togs and jandals in the summer, woollies and jumpers in the winter. Now I ring with the phone and call in person. They’re pretty small, about the size of the chicken, and are rarely seen due to the fact that: a) they are an endangered species, b) they live in the bush, and c) they are nocturnal, so they only come out night. Not many people realise this, but the name, “Kiwi” is actually a Māori word. cheap whey protein By Pikitia Postcards. 4. Only about 5% of kiwi chicks hatched in the wild survive. Roughly 90% of kiwi chicks born in the wild die within six months, with around 70% killed by predators such as stoats and cats. Losing this many kiwi chicks means unmanaged populations are declining by around 3% every year. In fact, stoats are the main reason why 95% of kiwi hatched in the wild die before they reach breeding age. Kiwi that weigh more than 1kg have a fighting chance against a stoat though. Ironically, stoats were introduced to New Zealand in the late 1800s to try to control a plague of introduced rabbits.Only 6% felt the lack of Kiwis seeking advice came down to “something else”. Our poll was prompted by a recent survey that found while 88% of New Zealanders agree advisers …The kiwi bird is New Zealand’s beloved national icon. As New Zealander’s, we refer to ourselves as “Kiwis”, and are very fond of our fluffy flightless namesakes. So what makes these birds so …When it comes to web browsing, having a reliable and feature-rich browser is essential. With so many options available in the market, it can be overwhelming to choose the right one... watch suzume no tojimarihow to get in cyber security New Zealanders, also known as Kiwis, are a friendly, outgoing and welcoming people. Out of the 4.4 million people living in New Zealand today, the Maori, New Zealand’s native people, make up around 14.6% of the population. The other 85.4% is a …Kiwi birds also have the widest gape, or mouth opening of any New Zealand forest birds. This enables it to swallow, digest and disperse fruits and seeds Baby Kiwi birds will also eat s mall pebbles, and tw igs, which are stored in the gizzard, to help digest food when Kiwi birds get older. The kiwi is a nocturnal bird.May 24, 2023 ... Zoo Miami said “concerns expressed” about the kiwi called Paora had “been taken very seriously,” after a video emerged on social media earlier ... The wildlife is so different. Strange insects, frogs who carry their young, birds that cannot fly, the kiwi, the national symbol of New Zealand because it is so unique. We explore this world, the flightless birds, its only mammal – a tiny bat, as we explain the extraordinary link between an isolated land and unusual plant and animal life. Kiwi birds also have the widest gape, or mouth opening of any New Zealand forest birds. This enables it to swallow, digest and disperse fruits and seeds Baby Kiwi birds will also eat s mall pebbles, and tw igs, which are stored in the gizzard, to help digest food when Kiwi birds get older. The kiwi is a nocturnal bird.2 days ago · It is the sole home, for example, of the long-beaked, flightless kiwi, the ubiquitous nickname for New Zealanders. New Zealand was the largest country in Polynesia when it was annexed by Great Britain in 1840. Thereafter it was successively a crown colony, a self-governing colony (1856), and a dominion (1907). Kiwis are flocking to Australia for the higher wages on offer, leading to concern of a New Zealand 'brain drain'. New Zealand broadcaster and journalist Duncan Garner told his podcast audience on ...Browse thousands of Pain Relief pharmacy products at Kiwi available either OTC, through the online doctor or prescription-only. #1 Online NZ Pharmacy est. 2006. Access side effects, interactions, information, Pain Relief pricing. ... New Zealand 1494. United Kingdom 2879. United States 1. More. Conditions. Acne 22. Allergies 67. Asthma 55 ...Things to do. Nature & Wildlife. Five surprising kiwi facts. The Kiwi is New Zealand’s national bird. You could be lucky enough to see one in the wild or in a sanctuary. Although iconic, the …Feb 20, 2017 · Anything sheep-related. Yes, there are lots of sheep, but not as many as you think. In fact, that whole “New Zealand has more sheep than people” stereotype is slowly becoming a thing of the past. Let’s not even go into those “sheep-shagging” jokes – Kiwis might join in for a bit of banter, but they’ve probably heard every single ... The kiwi is one of New Zealand's many flightless birds. They didn't need to fly because there weren't any land mammal predators before man arrived to New Zealand 1000 years ago. …Jan 13, 2024 · New Zealand's currency has been known as the New Zealand dollar since it was decimalized in 1967. Its nickname is the kiwi. It trades under the symbols NZD or NZ$. So here’s a guide to help you get down with the kiwi lingo, featuring 22 words you need to know; bookmark it, screen grab it, take notes – because chances are you’ll hear these New Zealand slang words a lot as you adventure through the country. And we can promise you, you’ll need to refer to the meanings of these kiwi phrases to make ...Jul 31, 2023 ... A dry kiwi is a person who was born in New Zealand, a kiwi bird is a bird that is also used as a national symbol and, of course, there is the ...With Kiwibank internet banking, you can access your accounts, pay your bills, transfer money, open accounts and more. Login securely with your username and password, or reset your KeepSafe questions if you need help. Find out how to view, download and print your bank statements, or compare our accounts to find the right one for you.Ongoing research into kiwi. Find out about 2014 research on why the kiwi and moa are flightless in this article on The Conversation. In 2019, University of Otago researchers in association with colleagues from Harvard University discovered new evidence of what made some of New Zealand’s birds such as the kiwi and extinct moa flightless. online quiz makertop iphone games The kiwi is one of New Zealand's many flightless birds. They didn't need to fly because there weren't any land mammal predators before man arrived to New Zealand 1000 years ago. LEARN MORE. Feathers like hair. Because kiwi do not fly, their feathers have evolved into a unique texture to suit a ground-based lifestyle. movers austin texas Mar 10, 2015 · There are other nations speaking English out there. It is the official language in 58 sovereign states and recognised, if not spoken, almost everywhere else. One such place is New Zealand, where ... So here’s a guide to help you get down with the kiwi lingo, featuring 22 words you need to know; bookmark it, screen grab it, take notes – because chances are you’ll hear these New Zealand slang words a lot as you adventure through the country. And we can promise you, you’ll need to refer to the meanings of these kiwi phrases to make ...Global Article 1. The kiwi is a flightless bird, native to New Zealand, and one of the world’s most endangered animals. Every day, more than 200 species become extinct all over the world. But ...May 22, 2017 · Around 80 years ago, the Kiwi population comprised 5 million birds. They have fallen to around 50 to 60 thousand now. The rapid decline in numbers according to the New Zealand Conservation Trust is pointing to just one fact: Kiwis are endangered. For those wondering why the Kiwi is endangered, this AnimalWised article will attempt to uncover ... Browse thousands of pharmacy products at Kiwi available either OTC, through the online doctor or prescription-only. #1 Online NZ Pharmacy est. 2006. Access side effects, interactions, information, pricing. ... New Zealand 1494. United Kingdom 2879. United States 1. More. Conditions. Acne 22. Allergies 67. Asthma 55. Athlete's Foot 2. …Are you planning an exciting adventure in New Zealand with your caravan? One of the most important aspects of preparing for your trip is ensuring that you have the right caravan pa...A range of quirky objects help define what it is to be a New Zealander, or 'Kiwi'. These wonderful things are known simply as 'Kiwiana'. Gumboots, ‘Buzzy Bee’ toys, marching girls, a meringue dessert, shell ashtrays, and a cookbook may not seem terribly important objects. But to many Kiwis (New Zealanders), such things assume vital ...New Zealand's national icon is notoriously endangered and in need of help. New Zealand, a land of birds, had no land-based mammalian predators before people introduced them. These are now the main threat to kiwi’s survival – killing chicks and adults. Stoats are public enemy number one for kiwi chicks and are the main reason why 95% of kiwi ...Moa bone. Moa were large, flightless birds that lived in New Zealand until about 500 years ago. There were nine species of these extinct birds. They belong to the ratite group of birds, which also includes ostriches, emus and kiwi. Genetic comparisons suggest that the closest relatives of moa are the flighted tinamous of South America.Apr 29, 2023 ... The Department of Conservation estimates there are only around 70,000 wild kiwi left in New Zealand. Despite the bird being a beloved national ...Kiwi Language Terms. In order to relate to the locals you will have to be able to communicate, so here’s a few Kiwi terms to get you started... Eh/Aye – compulsory addition to the end of a rhetorical question... " Last night was bloody good, eh". "ie" – often found at the end of shortened words, e.g. pressie (present), hottie (hot person ...This is a small island and mangrove swamp linked to the mainland by a causeway. Also on the island is accommodation, venue center, private beaches, and other activities. Kiwis will be found roaming the native bush on the island. It is located just 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) north of Kerikeri in the Bay of Islands. 02 of 07.With a patchwork history of Māori, European, Pacific Island and Asian influences, New Zealand's population of five million people is a melting-pot of cultures. Today, the population of New Zealand is made up of people from a range of backgrounds; 70% are of European descent, 16.5% are indigenous Māori, 15.1% Asian and 8.1% non-Māori Pacific ...With a patchwork history of Māori, European, Pacific Island and Asian influences, New Zealand's population of five million people is a melting-pot of cultures. Today, the population of New Zealand is made up of people from a range of backgrounds; 70% are of European descent, 16.5% are indigenous Māori, 15.1% Asian and 8.1% non-Māori Pacific ...The silver fern was once proudly embraced by Pakeha (New Zealanders who are of European descent) as a symbol of their new-found home in New Zealand. The fern once anchored new kiwis to this landscape. It’s a shame that we have such short memories. The major complaint against the use of the fern has been its popular use as a brand, or a logo.Countries have a national animal. But many also have a national bird, with some places like Canada have their own national horse and a few like Greece opting to name a …If you own a caravan in NZ, it’s important to keep its parts in top shape to ensure a safe and enjoyable travel experience. Regular maintenance not only extends the lifespan of you...Kiwifruit (often shortened to kiwi outside New Zealand) or Chinese gooseberry is the edible berry of several species of woody vines in the genus Actinidia. [1] [2] The most common cultivar group of kiwifruit ( Actinidia deliciosa 'Hayward') [3] is oval, about the size of a large hen's egg : 5–8 centimetres (2–3 inches) in length and 4.5–5 ...What comes to mind when you think of New Zealand? Perhaps you associate it with the stunning landscapes featured in Lord of the Rings, the… Auckland, New Zealand’s largest city, ha... hello fresh pricingspeech and language pathology online masters programs In fact, stoats are the main reason why 95% of kiwi hatched in the wild die before they reach breeding age. Kiwi that weigh more than 1kg have a fighting chance against a stoat though. Ironically, stoats were introduced to New Zealand in the late 1800s to try to control a plague of introduced rabbits.Kiwi have one of the largest eggs of any bird in the world, with an egg-to-weight ratio averaging 15% of the female bird’s body weight – by comparison, the percentage is 2% for an ostrich. While the females lay one egg (most birds lay more), she has two ovaries (most birds have one). Also unusually, the male incubates the huge egg, minding ...The Kiwi: National Bird of New Zealand. New Zealand is a small country off the southeast coast of Australia. It is sometimes referred to as the “Seabird Capital of the World” due to the diversity of seabirds that inhabit the coastlines of New Zealand. Seabirds in New Zealand include penguins, sooty, terns, albatross, gannets and petrels.May 25, 2023 ... Video of the national bird being handled by Miami zoo visitors caused an outcry in New Zealand. Even the prime minister weighed in.New Zealand is known for its stunning landscapes and vibrant culture, but it is also home to some of the most mouthwatering seafood dishes. One such dish that captures the essence ...2 days ago · It is the sole home, for example, of the long-beaked, flightless kiwi, the ubiquitous nickname for New Zealanders. New Zealand was the largest country in Polynesia when it was annexed by Great Britain in 1840. Thereafter it was successively a crown colony, a self-governing colony (1856), and a dominion (1907). how to create my own online store kiwi, any of five species of flightless birds belonging to the genus Apteryx and found in New Zealand. The name is a Maori word referring to the shrill call of the male. Kiwis are grayish … New Zealand citizens must meet the general residence requirement of being lawfully present in Australia for four years, including 12 months as a permanent resident, immediately before the date of citizenship application. You do not need to first apply for and be granted a permanent visa to meet the 12 months as a permanent resident requirement. Laser Kiwi flag. A black flag charged with a New Zealand fern and a kiwi shooting a green laser beam from its eye. The Laser Kiwi flag, originally titled Fire the Lazer, was designed in 2015 by Lucy Gray as a proposed flag of New Zealand for the 2015–2016 New Zealand flag referendums. It has since become a social media phenomenon that has ... pros closet bikesac stopped working ---2